For example, SMB3’s inventory system was nothing unique for this time, but the difference between SMB3 and other games that featured inventories is that the items available in SMB3 felt more cohesively tied to the game’s narrative and aesthetic. “Alex Kidd in Miracle World let you purchase a power bracelet that let you shoot lasers out of your fist for one level, or a gyrocopter that allowed you to fly instead of walk, but these had little connection to the world of Alex Kidd itself,” Clarendon said by way of example. SMB3, however, gave players items like World 5’s green wind-up shoe, the Hammer suit, or Lakitu’s Cloud, all of which felt delightfully like stealing the enemy’s weapons and powers—a feature that anticipates Kirby’s power-stealing abilities, which would debut in Kirby’s Dream Land in 1992.

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SMB3’s minigames like the roulette Spade Panel, the “memory match” N-Mark Spade Panel, Toad houses, and the two-player battle mode that Erin and I loved so much were all tied cohesively to the rest of the content, the franchise history, and even Nintendo’s playing card roots. Plenty of other games at the time already had bonus rounds, Clarendon mentioned, “but contrast visiting Toad’s house or matching clear and common Mario iconography with the disconnected experience of Psycho Fox’s ‘ghost leg’ minigame. Tapper’s mysterious masked soda can shaker is only present for the bonus rounds and you never interact with him again.”

For designer Mike Roth, SMB3’s feeling of cohesion is ineffable: “There are plenty of explanations as to why SMB3 has been able to stand the test of time,” he said. “However, the true answer may be a bit uncomfortable for us designers out there: ‘It’s just magic.’ There is no one mechanic or experience in SMB3 that you or I can claim as the core feature that kept bringing us back. Picking up coins? Not really. Shooting fireballs? Maybe. Yet you cannot deny with all the aspects of play woven together, there is something undeniably, incredibly pure and fun about the experience. This ‘fun’ transcends the technological limitations of the hardware and stands the test of time as new games and consoles come and go.”

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Playing SMB3, Howard Phillips said, “you felt like you were just the master of play. And that’s something that not all games are good at—in order to present difficulty, they present novelty and they basically punish you during the novelty phase. SMB3 didn’t punish you during the novelty phase—it said, ‘Yes, you’re a very skilled Mario player, so have at it. All of the surprises are going to be wonderful and good. And we’re also going to give you some additional control with the tail and the ability to fly and things like that.’ Those things that stood out were great additions and not ones that took away your mastery. It only enhanced your mastery.”


The reason SMB3 feels so good to play is because it perfectly incorporates all the ingredients of excellent “game feel,” an intuitive term that’s easier to experience than to define. Essentially, game feel is the sensation of moving a character around a digital space; it’s the feeling of control—the “tactile, kinesthetic sense of manipulating a virtual object,” writes designer Steve Swink in his book Game Feel. Swink says that game feel can be an “invisible art” or an “overlooked aspect of game creation,” and yet it’s arguably the most important element of a game. Great game feel makes a game fun because it puts players in control and immerses them in the experience, with predictable, responsive mechanics they can steadily improve on until they’re experts.

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In Miyamoto’s games, Swink argues, enjoyable game feel comes from simplification. Miyamoto “regarded the feel of a game artistically, as a composite aesthetic experience,” Swink writes. “At a time when the field was dominated by engineers who […] drew on complex, literalistic metaphors like the gravitational pull of black holes or landing a spacecraft on the moon, Miyamoto brought a refreshing, naïve perspective. He simply wanted to make fun, colorful games about whimsical characters that felt good to play.” In addition, Swink argues that Miyamoto’s holistic approach to game design—taking into account hardware and game controller specs along with software—creates excellent game feel, starting with SMB3’s grandparent SMB1.

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SMB1’s looser, more responsive, and less exact game controls made Mario’s movement feel more nuanced and less stiff than it had in Donkey Kong. In Donkey Kong, for instance, Mario’s jump was a rigid and unchangeable arc. In SMB1, the jump became more nuanced: Holding down on the Jump button for longer made Mario jump higher and players could move Mario in the air mid-jump. SMB3, in turn, introduced another new jump mechanic—rebounding off an enemy added more height to a jump. SMB3’s emphasis on exploration necessitated an even more fluid control feel, and anyone who (like me) has played SMB3 before encountering SMB1 might feel like as though SMB1’s controls drag in comparison.

In SMB3, Mario’s movement became so nuanced that he could run, skid, slide, fly, tail-whack, ground-pound, throw hammers, swim like a frog, and slow his descent by fluttering—an incredible variety of available movements considering the small number of buttons on the NES controller. At the same time, though, the controls didn’t depart too radically from SMB1—instead, SMB3 refined them, built on them, and presented players with novel situations in which to use them. “The player is constantly challenged by the level design to improve and develop real, actual skill with the controls,” Clarendon noted, like “learning how to run when the ceiling full of spikes is falling, mastering the analog-ness of jumps to learn how to time them juuuuust right, and giving the player a safe respite to experiment with the Tanooki suit.”

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SMB3’s sound and visual effects, which Swink calls “polish,” also make the game feel extremely satisfying to play. Small details in the art and animation, whether it’s Star Mario’s awesome somersault jumps, the map screen shuffle of the Hammer Brothers between levels, the dust Mario kicks up when he changes direction mid-run, or the tiny explosion sound and animation that accompanies brick-smashing—all of it contributes to the overall immersive effect of playing SMB3.

So, too, does the game’s physics. SMB3’s physics are so nuanced that a specific rule dictates how a mushroom will fall out of a bumped question block. When I was a kid, I thought this mechanic was totally random until I heard a schoolyard legend that the mushroom would fall toward whichever side it was bumped on. Believing this rumor lost me a lot of mushrooms. In fact, the physics follow the opposite rule—hitting a box from the right side will cause the mushroom to fall out of the left, and vice versa. It’s a realistic scheme, albeit a hard one to expect young players to notice on their own. And there’s nothing more disappointing than when your mushroom goes the wrong way out of the box and dives straight into the fiery lava.

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Flying wouldn’t feel nearly as satisfying without just the right gravity system, and SMB3 built off the exquisite in-game physics first developed in SMB1. Equations in SMB1’s programming code created speed, positioning, gravity, acceleration, and deceleration in the virtual world. Holding the B button slightly altered these equations and allowed Mario to run and accelerate faster, which becomes even more intense in SMB3 with the addition of the P-Meter’s feedback.

Equally as important as gravity to SMB1’s and SMB3’s physics is friction. SMB1 has much less friction between Mario and the ground he runs across than, say, Excitebike, where you can practically feel your wheels digging into the dirt. According to Swink, SMB1 and SMB3’s particular type of friction makes controlling Mario feel delightfully “slippery,” “loose,” and “sloppy,” like he’s a “bar of soap sliding across wet tile.” Of course, in World 6, Ice Land, an increased form of this slipperiness becomes a nuisance, but in the other worlds, the ability to zip around levels, crashing into blocks and never having to stop, is what makes Mario so fun to control.

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At the time of its release, SMB3 received extensive praise from the gaming press. Mean Machines gaming magazine editor Julian Rignall praised SMB3’s “addictiveness, depth, and challenge,” and others touted its graphics and combination of cognitive and skill-based puzzles. In Computer and Video Games magazine, which scored the game 98 out of 100, editor Paul Rank called SMB3 “the Mona Lisa of gaming” and “astoundingly brilliant.” Another writer claimed it was “absolutely impossible to put down for anything less than a fire alarm—and even then you find yourself weighing down the odds.”

Early reviews of SMB3 tended to focus on the game’s:

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At the time of its release, “Super Mario Bros. 3 […] revived the sense of wonder that made Super Mario Bros. so special,” historian Tristan Donovan writes. “Super Mario Bros. 3 became, both critically and commercially, the culmination of Nintendo’s journey from unknown Japanese toy maker to global video game giant.”

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Howard Phillips offered SMB3 one of its first reviews, long before it hit shelves. During SMB3’s era, Nintendo used a quality control in-house rating system for all games—both Nintendo-made games and third-party licensed games. Each new title was ranked by three people on a scale of one to five for a variety of traits, including gameplay and graphics. Several staffers (including Phillips), game counselors, and a couple hundred customer service representatives taking phone calls were all a part of this system. “Out of all those groups, I consistently rated SMB3 higher than the other groups [did],” Phillips said, “For me, when I saw it, I thought, [this is] not just another game, and it’s not just a fun and challenging game—it was truly a quintessential video game. And that’s how I rated it. If not the top-rated game, [SMB3 was] the second top-rated game I ever gave during my time at Nintendo rating hundreds of titles.”

“Well you know that now I have to ask you what your highest rated game was,” I prompted Phillips during a phone interview.

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Phillips gently declined to answer. “I don’t want to spoil anybody’s party,” he said. “There were a number of games that were all great, so whether it was the SMB series, Legend of Zelda, games like Metroid—there were a number of games that were just phenomenal. Once you get into that environment, does it make a difference if you take one step further up the mountain? I don’t think so. Once you get to the top, you can’t go much higher.”

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As much as the world loves SMB3, Miyamoto himself has mixed feelings about it. “I look back and play some of these games and there are a lot of places where, to be honest, I’m a little embarrassed,” Miyamoto told Time. “I look at Super Mario 3, and [feel] like, ‘This was it?! This is what we thought was good enough?’ That being said, I do have new understandings of that work. The balance in that game is what it needed to be at that time. It really was. And so, even seeing all the limitations, I’m very happy with what we created and I wouldn’t change it.”

SMB3 was the last game on which Miyamoto had a “designer” credit. From here on out, his name appears only as “producer” and “director.” It was also, as Phillips indicated, the game where he proved that his successes with Donkey Kong and SMB1 were not a fluke—the game where he earned his status as a legend. If Donkey Kong was Miyamoto’s breakthrough and SMB1 his revolution, then SMB3 was his masterpiece.

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Alyse Knorr teaches at the University of Alaska Anchorage. She is the author of two books and two chapbooks of poetry. She received her MFA from George Mason University and serves as a co-founding editor of Gazing Grain Press. Visit her at www.alyseknorr.com.